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                        Linebreaking and indentation

                        Reading time: 1min

                        MathML 3 introduces several attributes for controlling line breaks and indentation after line breaks. The new controls can be used for both automatic line breaks when the renderer determines that there is not enough room to display an expression in a given width and for manual (forced) line breaks. In MathML 3, linebreaking and indentation are specified on operators (mo). The controls include:

                        • whether a line break should or should not happen at an operator;
                        • whether the break should be before or after the operator;
                        • what character to use (if any) in place of an "⁢" character at a line break
                        • the amount of vertical space to be used after the line break

                        MathML 3 offers a good deal of control over how to indent after a line break. This allows for many different styles of linebreaking and also makes it possible to align the new line with a previous point in the expression (e.g., at an "="). Alignment at a particular point is done by marking the element you want to align to with an id attribute and then telling MathML to indent to that id value.

                        The indenting controls include:

                        • alignment -- left/center/right/automatic/id
                        • shift amount -- amount to shift it from the aligned point

                        These options can be set for all of the lines or specifically for either the first or last line to override the indentation behavior for those lines. This flexibility accommodates many different styles of indenting.

                        For some examples, see Linebreaking of Expressions. For details, see Section 3.2.5.2.2 and Section 3.2.5.2.3 of the MathML 3 recommendation.

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